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Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) with tumor-targeted imaging agents, particularly those using the near-infrared wavelength, has emerged as a real-time technique to highlight the tumor location and margins during a surgical procedure. For accurate visualization of prostate cancer (PCa) boundary and lymphatic metastasis, we developed a new approach involving an efficient self-quenched near-infrared fluorescence probe, Cy-KUE-OA, with dual PCa-membrane affinity. Cy-KUE-OA specifically targeted the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), anchored into the phospholipids of the cell membrane of PCa cells and consequently showed a strong Cy7-de-quenching effect. This dual-membrane-targeting probe allowed us to detect PSMA-expressing PCa cells both in vitro and in vivo and enabled clear visualization of the tumor boundary during fluorescence-guided laparoscopic surgery in PCa mouse models. Furthermore, the high PCa preference of Cy-KUE-OA was confirmed on surgically resected patient specimens of healthy tissues, PCa, and lymph node metastases. Taken together, our results serve as a bridge between preclinical and clinical research in FGS of PCa and lay a solid foundation for further clinical research.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore if acupoint injection can improve analgesic effects or delivery outcomes in parturients who received combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) for labor analgesia.@*METHODS@#A total of 307 participants were prospectively collected from July 2017 to December 2019. The participants were randomized into the combined acupoint injection with CSEA plus PCEA group (AICP group, n=168) and CSEA plus PCEA group (CP group, n=139) for labor analgesia using a random number table. Both groups received CSEA plus PCEA at cervical dilation 3 cm during labor process, and parturients of the AICP group were implemented acupoint injection for which bilateral acupoint of Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected in addition. The primary outcome was Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, and the secondary outcomes were obstetric outcomes and requirement of anesthetics doses. Safety evaluations were performed after intervention.@*RESULTS@#The VAS scores were significantly lower in the AICP group than in the CP group at 10, 30, 60, and 120 min after labor analgesia (all P<0.05). The latent phase of the AICP group was shorter than that of the CP group (P<0.05). There were less additional anesthetics consumption, lower incidences of uterine atony, fever, pruritus and urinary retention in the AICP group than those in the CP group (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint injection combined CSEA plus PCEA for labor analgesia can decrease the anesthetic consumption, improve analgesic quality, and reduce adverse reactions in the parturients. (Registration No. ChiMCTR-2000003120).
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Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Acupuncture Points , Analgesia, Obstetrical/adverse effects , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled/adverse effects , Anesthetics/pharmacology , Labor, ObstetricABSTRACT
Due to the relative shortage of health resources, rational allocation and utilization of health resources is critical to achieving the maximum economic benefits in developing countries, which requires a health economic assessment to meet the needs to balance the competitive requirements of cost reduction and effectiveness enhancement. This review describes the advances in applications of health economic assessment techniques in four major infectious diseases, including AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and schistosomiasis. Currently, there is no standard economic assessment in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and notably, the transparency of cost research is limited, which may affect the popularization of the study conclusions. Further health economic assessments of infectious diseases are required to improve the quality, standard and transparency of the economic evaluation through formulating strategies, to improve the standardization of studies, to improve the popularization of the study conclusions and to improve the applicability of the economic evaluation for policies.
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Objective To quantitatively evaluate the diagnostic value of variable-temperature and isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques in the detection of schistosomiasis japonica using a meta-analysis. Methods The publications pertaining to the nucleic acid detection of schistosomiasis japonica were searched in electronic databases, including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, PubMed and ScienceDirect, and the compilations and proceedings of schistosomiasis were manually searched. In addition, the citations of publications associated with the nucleic acid detection of schistosomiasis japonica were traced using a document tracing method. The retrieved literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data were extracted from the included literatures. The quality of the included literatures was assessed using the software RevMan version 5.3, and a meta-analysis was performed using the software MetaDiSc version 1.4. Results A total of 19 publications covering 24 groups of studies were enrolled, including 5 Chinese publications and 14 English publications. There were 17 groups of studies reporting the comparison between the variable-temperature nucleic acid amplification technique and the golden standard, and 7 groups of studies showing the comparison between the isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique and the golden standard. Assessment of the literature quality indicated a minor overall bias of the included literatures, and the Deek funnel plot showed a possible publication bias in the documents reports variable-temperature nucleic acid amplification techniques. There was a heterogeneity caused by non-threshold effect among the studies associated with the variable-temperature amplification technique, and the random effects model was therefore used to combine the effects. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the variable-temperature amplification technique were 0.81 (0.79 to 0.83) and 0.73 (0.71 to 0.74) for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica, and area under the SROC curve was 0.944 3. There was no heterogeneity among the studies associated with the isothermal amplification technique, and the fixed effects model was therefore used to combine the effects. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the isothermal amplification technique were 0.96 (0.94 to 0.98) and 0.95 (0.94 to 0.97) for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica, and area under the SROC curve was 0.989 9. Conclusions Both variable-temperature and isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques have a high efficiency for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica, and the isothermal amplification technique shows a relatively higher accuracy than the variable-temperature amplification technique.
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@#AIM: To explore the clinical value of Tuiyi Mingmu decoction combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of pterygium.<p>METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed to collect 80 patients(98 eyes)with pterygium admitted to the hospital from January 2016 to January 2018. The patients were divided into transplantation group(autologous limbal stem cell transplantation, <i>n</i>=34 cases, 39 eyes)and combined group(Tuiyi Mingmu decoction + autologous limbal stem cell transplantation, <i>n</i>=46 cases, 59 eyes). The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), corneal diopter, corneal astigmatism, tear break-up time(BUT)and Schirmer I test(S I t)tear secretion were compared between the two groups before operation and at 1mo after operation, and the corneal epithelial repair time, incidence rate of complications and recurrence rate at 12mo of follow-up were counted.<p>RESULTS: Before operation, there were no significant differences in the UCVA, corneal diopter and corneal astigmatism between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). At 1mo after operation, the UCVA was increased while the corneal diopter and corneal astigmatism were decreased in the two groups, and the UCVA in combined group was higher than that in transplantation group while the corneal diopter and corneal astigmatism were lower than those in transplantation group(<i>P</i><0.05). Before operation, there were no statistically significant differences in the BUT and S I t between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). At 1mo after operation, the BUT and S I t were increased in the two groups, and the indexes in combined group were higher than those in transplantation group(<i>P</i><0.05). The corneal epithelial repair time in combined group was shorter than that in transplantation group(<i>P</i><0.05), and the incidence rate of postoperative complications and recurrence rate at 12mo of follow-up were lower than those in transplantation group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Tuiyi Mingmu decoction combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation can improve the visual acuity of patients with pterygium, reduce corneal astigmatism, promote the repair of corneal epithelial cells, and reduce the recurrence rate, with few complications and definite safety.
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A series of berberine derivatives were synthesized by introducing substituted benzyl groups at C-9. All these synthesized compounds (4a-4m) were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria and four Gram-negative bacteria and evaluated for their antifungal activity against three pathogenic fungal strains. All these compounds displayed good antibacterial and antifungal activities, compared to reference drugs including Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole; Compounds 4f, 4g, and 4l showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities. Moreover, all the synthesized compounds were docked into topoisomerase II-DNA complex, which is a crucial drug target for the treatment of microbial infections. Docking results showed that H-bond, π-π stacked, π-cationic, and π-anionic interactions were responsible for the strong binding of the compounds with the target protein-DNA complex.
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Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Antifungal Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Bacteria , Berberine , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Drug Design , Fungi , Molecular Docking Simulation , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
<p><b>Background</b>Standard automated perimetry does not sufficiently detect early open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in the clinic. New visual function tests for early glaucoma damage are therefore needed. The present study evaluated whether an isolated-check visual evoked potential (icVEP) could be used to detect visual function abnormalities in early-stage OAG and to explore potential related factors.</p><p><b>Methods</b>This was a cross-sectional study. Thirty-seven OAG patients with early-stage visual field loss (mean deviation ≥ -6.00 dB) detected by the Humphrey Field Analyzer (30-2 SITA program) and 26 controls were included in this study. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to detect retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects. The icVEP preferentially evaluates the magnocellular-ON pathway. VEPs were recorded and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were derived based on multivariate analysis. Eyes that yielded an SNR ≤1 were considered abnormal. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the accuracy of group classification. Correlations between SNRs and related factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>Results</b>Based on an SNR criterion of 1, the icVEP had a sensitivity of 62.2% and a specificity of 92.3% for diagnosing early-stage OAG with 74.6% classification accuracy. The ROC curve analysis, however, suggested that an SNR criterion of 0.93 would produce the highest classification accuracy (77.3%). Both RNFL thinning in the temporal superior quadrant on OCT and number of abnormal test points in the central 11° visual field (pattern deviation, P < 0.5%) significantly correlated with the SNR (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The icVEP detected visual function abnormalities in approximately 3/5 of eyes with early-stage OAG with greater than 90% specificity. SNR correlated with both a decrease in RNFL thickness and severity of central visual field loss.</p>
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A series of berberine derivatives were synthesized by introducing substituted benzyl groups at C-9. All these synthesized compounds (4a-4m) were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria and four Gram-negative bacteria and evaluated for their antifungal activity against three pathogenic fungal strains. All these compounds displayed good antibacterial and antifungal activities, compared to reference drugs including Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole; Compounds 4f, 4g, and 4l showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities. Moreover, all the synthesized compounds were docked into topoisomerase II-DNA complex, which is a crucial drug target for the treatment of microbial infections. Docking results showed that H-bond, π-π stacked, π-cationic, and π-anionic interactions were responsible for the strong binding of the compounds with the target protein-DNA complex.
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Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Antifungal Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Bacteria , Berberine , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Drug Design , Fungi , Molecular Docking Simulation , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A strategy based on immunomagnetic nanospheres ( IMNs ) for rapid, efficient and accurate detection of lymphnode metastasis carcinoma cells ( LNMCCs ) was developed in this study. First, IMNs processing magnetism and biological targeting were fabricated by the approach developed by our group previously. Then, LNMCCs in lymph node fine needle aspiration ( LNFNA) specimens were separated and enriched by the immunomagnetic isolation using IMNs. At last, the captured cells were identified with Wright's staining and immunocytochemistry ( ICC) . The separation and enrichment of LNMCCs with immunomagnetic isolation could reduce the background interference of LNFNA specimens effectively; the identification with Wright ' s staining and ICC offered more reliable information for accurate diagnosis, so the sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy had an obvious improvement compared with the conventional cytologic diagnosis. Besides, the simple and rapid incubation of LNFNA specimens with IMNs needed just 5 min, so the cytomorphology of captured LNMCCs could be intactly retained, which enabled to provide important basis for classifying lymphnode metastasis carcinoma ( LNMC ) and the subsequent pathological study. Moreover, the specific capture of epithelial carcinoma cells in LNFNA specimens with IMNs could make a definite diagnosis of the captured cells as LNMCCs, thus realizing the differentiated diagnosis of LNMC and malignant lymphoma. Additionally, this strategy exhibited successful LNMCCs detection in LNFNA specimens from 110 patients and had higher sensitivity ( 98 . 0%) , specificity ( 100 . 0%) , and overall diagnostic accuracy (98. 2%) than the conventional cytologic diagnosis. Therefore, it was a new attempt to use IMNs for detection of LNMCCs in LNFNA specimens from LNMC patients, and offered new ideas for LNMC diagnosis and study.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the treatment of patient bitten by agkistrodon halys pallas, and the changes in peripheral blood inflammatory factors (hs-PCR, IL-6, TNF-alpha).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ninty-eight patients were divided into three groups according to their hospitalization dates: the western medicine group, in which 32 patients were treated with antivenom serum (6 000 U) for five days, once every day; the traditional Chinese medicine group, in which 32 patients were treated with anti pit viper No. 2 concentrated decoction (300 mL), twice to three times every day, for five days; and the combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group, in which 35 patients were treated with the combination of Chinese and Western medicine treatment described above. Then blood samples of all of patients were obtained, and serum factors (hs-PCR, IL-6, TNF-alpha) in peripheral blood were measured by Elisa assay. Another 30 health volunteers were chosen as the normal control group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The serum inflammatory factors were significantly higher in all patients of the three groups than that in healthy control before treatment (P < 0.01), and decreased significantly after treatment. In particular, the more remarkable reduction was found in the combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group compared with the western medicine group and the traditional medicine group (P < 0.01). Symptom elimination in the three groups was superior to the western medicine group and the traditional medicine group at the first day and the third day of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Total clinical effective rate was 100% in the combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group, 84. 37% in the traditional medicine group and 65.62% in the western medicine group, the clinical effective rate of the combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group was notably superior to that of the western medicine group and the traditional medicine group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The serum inflammatory factors increased significantly in patients bitten by agkistrodon halys pallas. Treatment with the combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine can significantly decrease the serum inflammatory factors, and increase clinical effect, with more obvious clinical efficacy compared with the western medicine group and the traditional medicine group.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antivenins , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Interleukin-6 , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Snake Bites , Blood , Drug Therapy , Allergy and Immunology , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Blood , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo determine the impact of lupus flares on maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsData was obtained from 46 pregnancies of 44 pregnant women with SLE.The relationship between lupus flares and pregnant outcomes,and the risk factors for adverse maternal and fetal prognosis were analyzed.T-test,X2 test or Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results① Lupus flares occurred in19(41％)pregnancies(group A) and stable lupus disease was observed in 27(59％) pregnancies(group B) during pregnancy.Compared to pregnancies in patients with stable lupus disease at the conception(n=32),pregnancies in patients with unstable lupus disease at the conception(n=8) had higher lupus flare during pregnancy( 100％ vs 16％,P＜0.05).(②) The common manifestations of lupus flares during pregnancy were lupus nephritis (LN) (11 cases),skin rashes (10 cases),arthritis (7 cases),and the common complication was infection ( 11 cases).(③) The incidence of premature labor,fetal growth retardation (FGR) and fetal loss in group A was 42％,47％ and 26％ respectively,which was significantly higher than that of the group B (7％,15％ and 0 respectively)(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the incidence of preeclampsia,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups ( 16％ vs 7％,16％ vs 19％,5％ vs O,respectively,P＞0.05).The incidence of premature labor and FGR in patients with active LN was higher than that of patients without active LN (55％ vs 11％,64％ vs 17％,respectively,P＜0.05).(④)The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level were independent risk factors for premature delivery,FGR,fetal loss and fetal distress.Conclusion(①) Lupus flares during pregnancy increase the incidence of premature labor,FGR and fetal loss.Active LN during pregnancy can increase the incidence of premature labor and FGR.② Renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level are associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with SLE.
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BackgroundLaser peripheral iridotomy(LPI) can break the pupillary block,and is an effective method of treating acute primary angle closure (APAC).However,a part of APAC eyes may gradually develop a formation and extension of peripheral anterior synechia(PAS) and increased intraocular pressure(IOP) after LPI.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between appositional angle closure and darkroom provocative test(DRPT) in the fellow eyes with APAC after LPI.Methods Fellow eyes of APAC without PAS after LPI were studied.Ultrasounic biomicroscopy(UBM) were performed in darkness to observe whether appositional angle closure occurred and compare the relationship between the quadrants with appositional angle closure and the results of DRPT.Results Fifty-four patients were included in the study.Appositional angle closure was observed in at least one quadrant in 20(37.0％ ) of the 54 fellow eyes with APAC after LPI.Fifty-one patients were given DRPT and positive result in 9 patients( 17.6％ ).According to the quadrants with appositional angle closure,there were 5 patients with DRPT positive results in 46 patients with appositional angle closure 0 to 2 quadrants,and 4 patients with DRPT positive results in 5 patients with appositional angle closure 3 to 4 quadrants ( P =0.003 ).Bivariate correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between the value of the increased IOP in DRPT and the number of quadrants with appositional angle closure in darkness( r =0.397,P =0.004).ConclusionsA certain proportional fellow eyes of APAC appeared appositional angle closure in darkness and DRPT positive result after LPI.The more the quadrants of appositional angle closure after LPI,the greater the likelihood of a positive DRPT.It suggests that the APAC fellow eyes and attack eyes with the same anatomical configuration still have the possibility of angle closure after LPI,and need follow-up and treatment for a long time.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate association between DNA methylation of MAL, CDKN2A, and MGMT in stool and development of colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the screening value of these biomarkers in colorectal cancer and pre-malignant lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Morning stool specimens were collected from 69 patients with colorectal cancer, 24 with colon adenoma, 19 with hyperplastic polyps, and 26 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and treated with bisulfite. Methylation-specific PCR(MSP) was performed for methylation analysis of MAL, CDKN2A and MGMT in DNA samples. Associations between clinicopathological features and gene methylation were analyzed. The sensitivity of diagnosis by combining three methylation markers was compared with fecal occult blood test(FOBT).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The methylation frequencies of MAL, CDKN2A and MGMT were 78.3%, 52.5% and 55.1% in colorectal cancer, 58.3%, 41.7% and 37.5% in colon adenomas, 26.3%, 15.8% and 10.5% in hyperplastic polyps, and 3.8%, 0 and 3.8% in healthy controls, respectively. Significant differences in three genes were found between colorectal cancer and hyperplastic polyp, colorectal cancer and healthy control, colon adenoma and hyperplastic polyp, colon adenoma and healthy control(all P<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity by combining three methylation markers was 92.8% in colorectal cancer, 70.8% in colon adenomas, significantly higher than FOBT examination (29.0% in colorectal cancer and 25.0% in colon adenomas, all P<0.05). No significant associations existed between three genes methylation of the three genes and clinical characteristic including sex, age, tumor location, lymph node metastases and TNM stage (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNA methylations levels of MAL, CDKN2A, and MGMT in stools are significantly higher in colorectal cancer and colon adenoma, which may serve as an noninvasive approach for the screening of colorectal cancer and pre-malignant lesions.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Genetics , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 , Genetics , DNA Methylation , Early Detection of Cancer , Feces , Chemistry , Mass Screening , O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase , Genetics , Precancerous Conditions , Diagnosis , Genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic , GeneticsABSTRACT
Background Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness,which is characterized by processing retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and optic nerve dystrophy.Clinical study showed that lowing IOP can not arrest the glaucomatous damage of RGCs.To seek a neuroprotective drug is an urgent need.Objective This present study focused on the effect of triptolide,a natural biologically active compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii,on RGCs in glaucomatous eyes. Methods Glaucoma animal models were established in the right eyes of 80 clean Wistar rats by combination with aspiration of aqueous humor and phtocoagulation on anterior chamber angle.Wistar rats were assigned to two groups at random.Triptolide (5μg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily from three days before photocoagulation through scarification of animals (total 8 weeks),and same amount of physiologic saline solution was used at the same way.IOP was measured with a Tonopen XL tonometer at at 1day,3,5,7 days and weekly for 8-week duration after phtocoagulation.RGCs numbers was calculated by retinal Nissl staining.Morphology of retina in frozen section was examined under the light microscope.The experiment followed the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The IOP was elevated in model eyes from 1 day through 3 weeks after operation with statistically different in comparison with before operation(P0.05).The numbers of RGCs of model eyes in normal saline group decreased gradually after operation,but no evident decline of numbers of RGCs in model eyes in triptolide group. RGCs in triptolide group were considerably more than those of normal saline group in various time points after operation ( P<0. 05). However,no obvious difference in RGCs numbers was found between model eyes and control eyes in Triptolide group. Conclusion Triptolide could protect RGCs in glaucomatous eyes,and its effect does not depend on IOP in chronic glaucoma model.
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Objective To explore the relationship of OLFM1 expression with the development of lung cancer by comparing the OLFM1 expression in lung cancer specimens and matched normal lung specimens. Methods The OLFM1 mRNA expression was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and fluorescence quantitative PCR in 21 lung cancer tissues and the paired normal lung tissues, and the protein expression of OLFM1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The OLFM mRNA expression levels in 8 primary lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues were decreased by 2. 2 folds compared with that in the matched normal lung tissues, with the difference being significantly different (P = 0.028). The OLFM1 protein was located in cytoplasm and only expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues ( P 0. 05). Conclusion The lower expression of OLFM1 gene in lung squamous cell carcinoma may serve as a potential molecule marker for the condition. The expression of OLFM1 protein in lung adenocarcinoma, but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma and normal lung tissue, may suggest that different pathological types of lung cancers may have different pathological mechanisms.
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Objective: To establish a colorectal cancer phage-peptide library and to screen for biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer. Methods: A T7 phage display peptide library was constructed using 30 surgical colorectal cancer specimens from Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University. Protein-A/G was used to enrich IgG from control sera as well as colorectal cancer sera. Five biopanning protocols were carried out for enrichment of colorectal cancer-specific phage clones, and 2 000 phage clones were randomly selected. ELISA was used for further screening of clones of different reactivities between the cancer serum and control serum; and the selected clones were subjected to DNA sequencing and the cloned protein function was forecasted by Chilibot for validation. Results: (1) The titer of the colorectal cancer phage display peptide library was 3.0×106pfu, with a recombination rate of 60% as showed by PCR identification and a storage capacity of 1.8×106 pfu. (2) Of the 18 phage clones selected by ELISA, 12 were cancer-related genes. Conclusion: ELISA for screening the recombinant tumor antigen phage display peptide library can be used to discover new differentially expressed antigens ; and the selected phage clones expressing antigen might be used for early detection of colorectal cancer.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Travoprost has been widely used for the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy of travoprost 0.004% monotherapy in patients previously treated with other topical hypotensive medications, and in previously untreated patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This open-label, 12-week study in 1651 adult patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma who were untreated or required a change in therapy (due to either inadequate efficacy or safety issues) as judged by the investigator was conducted at 6 sites in China. Previously treated patients were instructed to discontinue their prior medications at the first visit. All the patients were dosed with travoprost 0.004% once-daily at 8 p.m. in both eyes for 12 weeks. Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 and 12. IOP measurements were performed at the same time of day at the follow-up visits.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For patients transitioned to travoprost, mean IOP reductions from baseline in untreated and treated patients with different prior medications at week 12 were: latanoprost, (4.3 +/- 4.6) mmHg; beta-blocker, (6.3 +/- 4.0) mmHg; alpha-agonist, (7.5 +/- 4.3) mmHg; topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, (8.0 +/- 4.9) mmHg. All mean IOP changes from baseline were statistically significant (P < 0.001). No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported in this study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In patients treated with other hypotensive medications or untreated, the IOP reduction with travoprost was significant. The results of this study demonstrated the potential benefit of using travoprost as a replacement therapy in order to ensure adequate IOP control. Travoprost administered once daily was safe and well tolerated in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.</p>